# ML crash course - Production ML systems > Machine learning crash course 중 "Production ML systems" 챕터. [Machine learning crash course](https://wiki.g15e.com/pages/Machine%20learning%20crash%20course.txt) 중 "Production ML systems" 챕터. https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/crash-course/production-ml-systems ## Introduction ## Static versus dynamic training ## Static versus dynamic inference ### Static inference ### Dynamic inference ## When to transform data? ### Transforming data before training ### Transforming data while training ## Deployment testing ### About the unicorn model ### Test model updates with reproducible training ### Test calls to machine learning API ### Write integration tests for pipeline components ### Validate model quality before serving ### Validate model-infrastructure compatibility before serving ## Monitoring pipelines ### Write a data schema to validate raw data ### Write unit tests to validate feature engineering ### Check metrics for important data slices ### Use real-world metrics ### Check for training-serving skew ### Check for label leakage ### Monitor model age throughout pipeline ### Test that model weights and outputs are numerically stable ### Monitor model performance ### Test the quality of live model on served data ### Randomization ## Questions to ask ### Is each feature helpful? ### Is your data source reliable? ### Is your model part of a feedback loop? ## What's next? - [ML crash course - AutoML](https://wiki.g15e.com/pages/ML%20crash%20course%20-%20AutoML.txt)