# Universal design > Universal design. Universal [design](https://wiki.g15e.com/en/pages/Design.txt). ## Criticism ### Calling a Western local tradition a human universal When Koreans and Americans listened to music played on the bonang, an instrument, and [were asked to evaluate it](https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/pythagoras-was-wrong-there-are-no-universal-musical-harmonies-study-finds), they showed a preference for kinds of harmony that Western instruments (such as the piano) cannot produce. One of many examples showing that what the West calls a "human universal" is actually just a "local tradition." (Paper: [Timbral effects on consonance disentangle psychoacoustic mechanisms and suggest perceptual origins for musical scales](https://wiki.g15e.com/pages/Timbral%20effects%20on%20consonance%20disentangle%20psychoacoustic%20mechanisms%20and%20suggest%20perceptual%20origins%20for%20musical%20scales.txt)) Be careful to avoid this kind of mistake. ### The problem of calling something merely universal to humans "universal" For a long time, meant "usability for nondisabled people." "Usability for disabled people" was separated out under the name [accessibility](https://wiki.g15e.com/en/pages/Accessibility.txt). These days, the view that [accessibility](https://wiki.g15e.com/en/pages/Accessibility.txt) is included in seems to be gaining ground. That's a relief. The term [universal design](https://wiki.g15e.com/en/pages/Universal%20design.txt) is similar: the "universal" here actually means only "universal to humans," and does not consider . (See: [animal-centered design](https://wiki.g15e.com/pages/Animal-centered%20design.txt))